ELECTRIC VEHICLE BATTERY TYPE SUITABILITY IN V2L APPLICATIONS TO ENHANCE GRID LOAD FLEXIBILITY:  A COMPARATIVE STUDY

Андрій Босак; Ганна Костенко; Артур Запорожець

doi:10.20535/1813-5420.3.2025.339751

Автор(и)

Андрій Босак Інститут загальної енергетики НАН України, Україна https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4667-9720
Ганна Костенко Інститут загальної енергетики НАН України, Україна https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8839-7633
Артур Запорожець Інститут загальної енергетики НАН України, Україна https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0704-4116

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.20535/1813-5420.3.2025.339751

Ключові слова:

електромобілі, Vehicle-to-Load (V2L), літій-іонні батареї, зменшення пікового навантаження, ефективність батарей, енергетична стійкість

Анотація

Мета дослідження: Проаналізувати придатність технології Vehicle-to-Load (V2L) як інструменту підвищення гнучкості навантаження електромережі за рахунок децентралізованої підтримки енергопостачання, з урахуванням акумуляторних характеристик.

Методика реалізації: Проведено порівняльний аналіз технічних параметрів, що впливають на ефективність V2L: корисна ємність, обмеження інвертора, тепловий режим та чутливість до деградації. Оцінено три хімічні типи батарей (LFP, NMC, LTO) і три формати комірок (призматичні, пакетні, циліндричні) для реальних сценаріїв застосування.

Результати дослідження: Батареї типу LFP виявили найкращий баланс між безпекою, довговічністю та економічною доцільністю для режимів часткового навантаження. Формат пакетних комірок виявився більш вразливим до теплових коливань, у той час як призматичні проявили стабільнішу роботу.

Висновки: V2L є перспективним рішенням для підвищення енергетичної автономії домогосподарств і зниження навантаження на мережу в пікові години. Поширення EV з LFP-батареями створює умови для ефективної інтеграції V2L у стратегії «розумних» мереж.

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